State and Model the Objective
The children will tap and snap caps and then read and write words that end in -ap, such as cap, tap, flap, clap, snap, and slap.
 
Literacy Activities
Wrap a cap and take a nap

• Pass out bottle caps and scraps of paper and point out that cap and scrap both end in -ap.
• Help the children think of words that end in -ap and write one on their scrap of paper. 
• Have the children wrap bottle caps in the scraps and put the caps in their lap.
• Ask the children to pretend to take a nap with a wrapped cap in their lap.
• Tap with a cap to wake the children from their nap 
• Have the children unwrap their cap and tap it softly as the children read their -ap word.

Tap, slap, snap, and flap a cap

• Read the chant Clap and Tap a Cap (found below) with the children.
• Allow the children to act out the chant using bottle caps that snap.

More Practice
Identify, blend, and manipulate sounds

• Let the children help tape the word-building cards (found below) or write the same letters on several caps.
• Have the children arrange the cards or caps to form new words: 
  • Change the beginning consonant to create words that end in -ap: cap →  tap → gap → lap → nap → map.
  • Change the middle vowel: tap → top; map → mop; rap → rip; sap → sip
  • Change the ending consonant: cap → can; map → mat; sap → sat; tap → tan

Read target words in a text

• Read Clap and Tap a Cap (see below) with the children.
• Have the children underline the words that end in -ap.
• Read the text together again, fading support.

Write about the activity using target words

• Write about the activity using target words, such as cap, tap, flap, snap, and trap.
• Give each child a paper and pencil and have the children write words that end in -ap from dictation (e.g., tap, cap, map, zap, gap, nap, lap).
• Tell the children to flap their paper when they have finished writing a word to show that they are done.