Bullying is different among boys and girls. Boys tend to be more physically aggressive, while girls are more likely to use insults, to exclude other girls, or to spread rumors about them (Taylor 34).
Bullying can be separated into four main categories:
- Relationship: exclusion from groups, gossip, etc.
- Verbal: name calling, teasing, etc. It can also include threats and coercion.
- Physical: pushing, fighting, and the threat of physical violence.
- Cyber: e-mail, text messaging, messages on web sites such as MySpace, Blog sites, etc.
Why do some children get picked on?
Foster Cline and Jim Fay, authors of Parenting with Love and Logic explain that kids will often make fun of anyone or anything that is different. "Unfortunately . . . being very pretty, very responsible, very kind or very sweet leads to standing out like a punching dummy, especially if the child doesn't know how to roll with the nonsense" (301).
When your child is a bully.
Surprisingly, your child may tell you. Often, younger children may think they are playing, or they are copying behavior they've seen and think is OK.
When children are older, their bullying behavior may be reported to you by someone else. This is a teaching moment if there ever was one. Make your expectations clear and put consequences in place.
Teaching
Bullying is never OK. Teaching proactively with bullying means that we teach our children early and often how to be kind, how to identify bullying, and how to deal with it. As we do this we should include descriptions of all types of bullying, including verbal and cyber bullying. Role playing these behaviors will help children recognize them.
Even though the types of bullying may take on different forms today, parenting experts Foster Cline and Jim Fay make this suggestion: "The advice of a generation ago for dealing with bullies is still valid today: give them a wide berth" (301).
Bullies can hurt others, and staying away is one of the best options.
When your child is bullied.
Does your child avoid activities or friends they enjoyed previously? Has your child lost self-confidence? Is your child reporting being picked on?
Cline and Fay suggest one of the most valuable things we can do for a child who is bullied is to teach her that, "teasing doesn't mean there is something wrong with him or her, but it's a problem the other child has" (302).
If there is a threat of physical danger, you do need to step in. Otherwise, "if the child is able to learn how to cope, it is better to help him or her learn to do so rather than intervening yourself" (Cline and Fay 302).
Act Confident
Give your child some ideas on how to feel and act confident. You could role play these with your child. Remember that Cline and Fay suggest avoiding bullies if possible, and that can be a great tactic. Friends can also stick together to help avoid bullying.
Give Perspective
Early teasing provides children with an opportunity to learn not to internalize the problems of others. A parent might say, "Honey, all your life you are going to be around miserable people. Lucky for you, you are learning to handle that now; some don't really understand this until they are adults. I expect you'll come out of this wiser, more thoughtful, and more understanding of others" (Cline and Fay 302).
Fortify
If your child is being bullied it is a good time for additional parental contact and teaching. A strong parental relationship can offset, to a degree, a painful experience with peers. Your love and open communication will help fortify self confidence. Your time will help build a safe place for your child.
Focus On Feelings
If your child is bullying others, create hypothetical situations or role play bullying and have a conversation with your child about how they think others would feel in these situations. Teach them that thinking about how others feel will help them focus on kindness.
Reporting It
Your child may want to know what to do when he or she witnesses bullying. We should consider carefully and then teach them some basic steps to take when they see bullying occur. You may wish to teach them to report it, or provide support or some other action.
Unsolicited Advice
Giving a child advice or suggestions about behavior without being asked to is not recommended (Cline and Fay 302). If the child seems to be able to work it out on his own, cheer him on from the sidelines. If he needs to involve you, let him know you'll be ready to help.
Take Time
If your child is bullying, the fact that your child has acted out aggressively is a signal to slow down and take some time with him or her. Keep communication open so you can take advantage of opportunities to teach alternative positive behaviors.
